Restorers first examined scietific reports on the different elements in the pigments and determined which pigments were a secco and which ones were buon fresco. Then, restorers reattached some of the pigments using a chemical called Acryloid B72, which recreated the carbonation process which chemically binds the pigment with the plaster. Restorers temporarily waterproof the a secco pigments and then begin the treatment with AB 57. Restorers first wash off the frescoes with distilled water, using a natural sea sponge. They then apply a very thin layer of AB 57 (a solvent) and leave it on for three minutes. The AB 57 is removed using the sponge and distilled water. The process is repeated until satisfaction is had.